Statistics¶

Trio's Statistics feature provides comprehensive data analysis and visualization of your diabetes management metrics. View detailed glucose patterns, insulin usage, loop performance, and meal data across multiple time periods.

Accessing Statistics¶

To view statistics:
1. Open Trio
2. Navigate to the Statistics screen (icon in the navigation menu)
3. Select a category tab (Glucose, Insulin, Looping, or Meals)
4. Choose your preferred chart type and time period

Data Types¶

The Statistics screen is organized into four main categories, each accessible via tabs at the top:

Glucose - CGM & blood sugar metrics, time-in-range, and glucose distribution
Insulin - Total daily dose and bolus distribution
Looping - Loop cycle performance and reliability metrics
Meals - Macronutrient tracking and meal analysis

Each category offers multiple chart types and time period options to help you understand patterns and make informed adjustments to your therapy settings.

Glucose Statistics¶

Available Metrics¶

The Glucose section displays seven key metrics:

Metric	Description	Formula
eA1c	Estimated A1c from CGM data	mg/dL: \(\frac{Avg\ Glucose + 46.7}{28.7}\)
GMI	Glucose Management Indicator	\(3.31 + (0.02392 × Avg\ Glucose)\)
Average	Mean of all glucose readings	\(Sum / Count\)
Median	50^th percentile glucose value	Middle value when sorted
SD	Standard Deviation (glucose variability)	\(√(\frac{Σ(x - mean)²}{(n-1)})\)
CV	Coefficient of Variation	\(\frac{SD}{Mean} \times 100\%\)
Days	Number of days with glucose data	Count of unique dates

Display Units

eA1c: Available as % (NGSP) or mmol/mol (IFCC)
GMI: Available as % or mmol/mol
Glucose values: Displayed in mg/dL or mmol/L based on your settings

Chart Types¶

1. Percentile by Time (AGP - Ambulatory Glucose Profile)¶

The default view shows hourly glucose percentiles across 24 hours:

Dark band: 25^th-75^th percentile (middle 50% of values)
Light band: 10^th-90^th percentile (middle 80% of values)
Center line: Median (50^th percentile)
Reference lines: Your configured low, target, and high thresholds

This chart helps identify:

Time-of-day patterns (dawn phenomenon, overnight lows, etc.)
Glucose variability at specific times
How tightly controlled your glucose is

2. Distribution by Time¶

Shows the percentage of time spent in each glucose range for every hour of the day:

Ranges displayed:

Purple: < 54 mg/dL (< 3 mmol/L)
Red: 54-70 mg/dL (3-3.9 mmol/L)
Bright Green: 70-140 mg/dL (3.9-7.8 mmol/L)
Dark Green: 140-180 mg/dL (7.8-10 mmol/L)
Yellow: 180-200 mg/dL (10-11.1 mmol/L)
Orange: 200-220 mg/dL (11.1-12.2 mmol/L)
Dark Orange: > 220 mg/dL (> 12.2 mmol/L)

Use this to identify times when you're most likely to be out of range.

3. Percentile by Day¶

Box plot showing daily glucose distribution:

Each day shows a box-and-whisker plot
Box represents 25^th-75^th percentile
Whiskers extend to 10^th and 90^th percentiles
Center line is the median
Compare day-to-day variability

4. Distribution by Day¶

Stacked bar chart showing the percentage of time in each range per day:

See which days had optimal control
Identify patterns across multiple days
Useful for reviewing weekly trends

Distribution by Day uses the same color chart as the Distribution by Time chart.

TITR vs. TING¶

Trio supports two tighter TIR calculation methods:

Time in Tight Range (TITR)¶

In Range: 70-140 mg/dL (3.9-7.8 mmol/L)
Low: 54-70 mg/dL (3-3.9 mmol/L)
Very Low: < 54 mg/dL (< 3 mmol/L)

Time in Normoglycemia (TING)¶

In Range: 63-140 mg/dL (3.5-7.8 mmol/L)
Low: 54-63 mg/dL (3-3.5 mmol/L)
Very Low: < 54 mg/dL (< 3 mmol/L)

You can select your preferred method in the Statistics settings.

TIR Goals

The American Diabetes Association recommends:

> 70% time in range (70-180 mg/dL or 3.9-10 mmol/L)
< 25% time above range (>180 mg/dL or >10 mmol/L)
< 4% time below 70 mg/dL or 3.9 mmol/L
< 1% time below 54 mg/dL or 3 mmol/L

Time Periods¶

Select from five time period options:

Today: From midnight to current time
Day (D): Last 24 hours
Week (W): Last 7 days
Month (M): Last 30 days
3 Months (3M): Last 90 days

Insulin Statistics¶

Chart Types¶

Total Daily Dose (TDD)¶

View your insulin usage broken down by type:

Components:

Manual Bolus: Insulin you delivered manually for meals/corrections
SMB: Super Micro Boluses delivered automatically by Trio
External: Insulin injections logged but not delivered by pump
Temp Basal: Insulin from temporary basal rates (above scheduled)
Scheduled Basal: Insulin from your scheduled basal profile

The TDD chart displays:

Bar graph of total daily insulin
Statistics panel showing totals and averages for the visible range
Scrollable timeline to review historical data

Bolus Distribution¶

Detailed breakdown of bolus insulin types:

Manual bolus totals
SMB totals
External insulin totals
Average bolus amounts per period

Use this to understand:

How much insulin comes from automatic vs. manual delivery
SMB effectiveness and contribution to total insulin
Bolus patterns over time

Time Periods¶

Choose from four time periods:

Day (D): Last 24 hours (shows hourly breakdown)
Week (W): Last 7 days
Month (M): Last 30 days
3 Months (3M): Last 90 days

Looping Statistics¶

Loop Performance Metrics¶

Track how reliably Trio is functioning:

Metric	Description
Loop Count	Total number of loop cycles executed
Successful	Number of successful completions
Failed	Number of failed cycles
Success %	Percentage of successful loops
Median Interval	Typical time between loops (minutes)
Median Duration	Typical loop execution time (seconds)
Glucose Count	Number of CGM readings received
Days	Days tracked

Chart Types¶

Loop Performance Chart¶

Bar chart showing loop execution over time:

Green bars: Successful loops
Red bars: Failed loops
Hover/tap for detailed counts per time period
Scrollable timeline

Use this to identify:

Times when loops frequently fail
CGM connection issues
Overall system reliability

Time Periods¶

Same as glucose statistics:

Today, Day (D), Week (W), Month (M), 3 Months (3M)

Good Loop Performance

You should typically see:

Loop interval: 5-6 minutes (Trio loops every 5 minutes normally)
Success rate: > 95%
Failures usually indicate CGM or pump connectivity issues

Meal Statistics¶

Macronutrient Tracking¶

View your nutritional intake over time:

Macros tracked:

Carbohydrates: Total grams per period
Fat: Total grams per period
Protein: Total grams per period

The meal chart displays:

Bar graph showing daily or hourly totals
Breakdown by macronutrient type
Scrollable timeline
Date range label

FPU (Fat Protein Units) Support¶

If FPU conversion is enabled in settings, Trio tracks fat and protein to calculate their insulin impact for low-carb meals.

Time Periods¶

Same as insulin statistics:

Day (D), Week (W), Month (M), 3 Months (3M)

Note

Meal statistics only include carbs, fat, and protein that you've logged in Trio. Accurate logging is essential for useful meal statistics.

Customization Options¶

Time-in-Range Type:

Select TITR (Time in Tight Range) or TING (Time in Normoglycemia)
Changes the range definitions for TIR calculations

Found under User Interface in Features settings

eA1c/GMI Display:

Percentage (NGSP format)
mmol/mol (IFCC format)

Found under User Interface in Features settings

Glucose Units:

mg/dL
mmol/L

Found under Units and Limits in Therapy Settings

Target Ranges:

High Limit: Default 180 mg/dL (customizable)
Low Limit: Default 70 mg/dL (customizable)

These limits affect the color coding and range calculations in all glucose charts.

Found under User Interface, Low and High Thresholds, in Features Settings

Understanding Your Statistics¶

Glucose Variability¶

Standard Deviation (SD):

Low SD (< 30 mg/dL): Stable, consistent glucose
Moderate SD (30-50 mg/dL): Some variability
High SD (> 50 mg/dL): Significant swings

Coefficient of Variation (CV):

Target: < 36%
CV < 36% indicates well-controlled glucose variability
CV > 36% suggests unpredictable glucose patterns

Improving CV and SD

High variability often indicates:

Inaccurate carb counting
Incorrect ISF or carb ratios
Inconsistent meal timing
Exercise without appropriate adjustments

GMI vs. eA1c¶

Both provide estimates of your average glucose management:

eA1c: Calculated from average glucose using the ADAG formula
GMI: Similar calculation, recommended by international consensus

These are estimates based on CGM data, not laboratory A1c measurements. They correlate well but may differ from lab results.

TDD Trends¶

Monitoring your Total Daily Dose helps you understand:

Increasing TDD: May indicate insulin resistance, weight gain, or illness
Decreasing TDD: May indicate increased sensitivity, weight loss, or more activity
Stable TDD: Consistent insulin needs

Significant TDD changes should prompt review of your basal rates, ISF, carb ratios, and Dynamic ISF Settings.

Loop Reliability¶

High loop success rates (> 95%) indicate:

Good CGM connectivity
Reliable pump communication
Stable Trio operation

Frequent loop failures warrant investigation:

Check CGM sensor placement and transmitter battery
Verify pump is in range and functioning
Review phone battery and background app settings

Data Availability¶

Statistics are calculated from data stored in Trio's database:

Glucose: Requires CGM data
Insulin: Requires pump event history
Looping: Requires loop execution records
Meals: Requires logged carb entries

If you've recently started using Trio or reset your data, some statistics may not be available until sufficient data accumulates.

Minimum data for meaningful statistics:

1 day: Today and Day views
7 days: Week view
30 days: Month view
90 days: 3 Month view

Performance Notes¶

Statistics calculations can be intensive for large datasets. Trio uses several optimizations:

Caching: Frequently accessed calculations are cached
Background processing: Heavy calculations run in background threads
Pagination: Charts load data in scrollable segments
Concurrent calculations: Multiple statistics computed in parallel

You may notice a brief delay when first opening Statistics or switching time periods on older devices. This is normal and ensures the UI remains responsive.

Troubleshooting¶

"No data available" Message¶

If you see this message:

Check data source: Ensure you have CGM data (for glucose), logged carbs (for meals), etc.
Verify time period: Try a shorter time period if you recently started using Trio
Restart Trio: Sometimes refreshing the app resolves data loading issues

Statistics Don't Match Other Apps¶

Small differences are normal due to:

Different calculation methods (mean vs. median)
Different time period boundaries
Different range definitions
Data filtering (Trio may exclude some invalid readings)

Large discrepancies should be investigated—verify your data is syncing correctly.

Slow Performance¶

If statistics load slowly:

Reduce time period: Use Day or Week instead of 3 Months
Clear app cache: Settings > Advanced (if available)
Update Trio: Ensure you're running the latest version
Device storage: Free up space on your iPhone

Summary¶

Trio's Statistics feature provides powerful insights into your diabetes management:

Glucose Statistics: Understand your time-in-range, variability, and patterns
Insulin Statistics: Monitor your TDD and bolus distribution
Loop Statistics: Track system reliability and performance
Meal Statistics: Review your macronutrient intake

Use these statistics to:

Identify patterns and trends
Make informed adjustments to therapy settings
Share data with your healthcare team
Track progress toward your diabetes management goals

Regularly reviewing your statistics helps ensure Trio is working optimally and your settings remain accurate as your insulin needs change.